Here's one:
I also know for a fact this works to at least some degree, because I have 1,500 snow blocks nearby (with only stone bricks that anything can spawn on) and I'm getting snow biome enemies.
Ah. I suppose underground corruption/hallow mobs might be an exception. The spawn codes are literal hell to look at.
Either way, as far as non-underground desert mobs go, all of them spawn exclusively on sand and supposedly should be able to spawn underground as well but don't quote me on that. Hardened sand does not count for this, supposedly normal mobs will spawn on those. Underground desert mobs should be dependent on the biome the player is in instead (that is, enough sand blocks and underground combined).
Ultimately it depends on what the purpose of the farm is.
I would personally build an underground corruption or hallow farm for both souls and money, as mentioned earlier, desert doesn't exactly pay off very well. This can also net you biome mimics for extra payout BUT killing them AFK isn't a simple task albeit possible.
For money specifically, the jungle provides huge spawn chance boosts but man eaters can get in the way of your farm and are a pain to automate killing of.
I like setting simple underworld farms using hallowed or corrupted blocks as well to benefit from underworld spawn chances, weaker enemies and easy soul drops. Might not be the best but is in my opinion the best low-effort farm to setup as long as you can deal with imps.
Also, if you need some specific spawn requirements for a certain mob, I can snoop them out for you.