You're just an immigrant with his/her trusty informational associate and/or hired local (Guide), now visiting this strange land where a vacant cultist hideout (dungeon) resides. The dungeon was originally a storage area for all the bosses you fight, where the cultists would acquire (or sacrifice?) people to have their skeletons for necromancy and their souls to create bosses. One day someone (accidentally?) let all its occupants escape, causing their respective terror rampages throughout the land, and the cultists to abandon the dungeon.
Meanwhile, in the underworld, an ancient, primordial being exists that devours fallen souls to keep the balance of power in check in the world above. This concentration of spiritual essence causes this being to manifest as a large mass of flesh (which arises for supper when offered up fresh, lightly-roasted souls as bait). You then destroyed it to unleash all its entrapped spirits upon the world above, which then prompt the dungeon coven to return to to resume their plan of accruing spirits anew, for reasons unknown.
However, because you're you, you try to kill the cult in the midst of their spirit gathering process, which then beckons powerful eldritch beings from the moon to try to devour all the accumulated spirit essence (and probably all other life as well). This of course culminates in a fight with the undead remains of an eldritch deity (Moon Lord).
For all this, you gain the Moon Lord's source of power: A sword that launches psychedelic kitty cats.