Hello,
I am having the same issue with 1.4.1.2, also using the GOG/Linux version, but with a different error.
Running Debian 10 64-bit, my older installs (<= 1.4.1.1) run fine.
I get the following error when launching from console:
~/GOG Games/Terraria 1.4.1.2$ ./start.sh
Running Terraria...